直(zhi)線(xian)(xian)導(dao)(dao)軌(gui)(gui)又(you)稱線(xian)(xian)軌(gui)(gui)、滑(hua)軌(gui)(gui)、線(xian)(xian)性導(dao)(dao)軌(gui)(gui)、線(xian)(xian)性滑(hua)軌(gui)(gui)，用于高(gao)精或高(gao)速(su)直(zhi)線(xian)(xian)往復(fu)運動場合(he)，且(qie)可以承擔一定的(de)(de)扭矩，可在高(gao)負載的(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下實現(xian)高(gao)精度的(de)(de)直(zhi)線(xian)(xian)運動。

直(zhi)線導(dao)(dao)軌(gui)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)來支撐和引導(dao)(dao)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)部件，按給定(ding)的(de)(de)方向做往復直(zhi)線運(yun)動(dong)(dong)。　直(zhi)線軸(zhou)承(cheng)主(zhu)要(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)自動(dong)(dong)化(hua)機(ji)械(xie)上(shang)比(bi)較(jiao)多,像直(zhi)線導(dao)(dao)軌(gui)主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)精(jing)(jing)(jing)度要(yao)求比(bi)較(jiao)高的(de)(de)機(ji)械(xie)結構上(shang),直(zhi)線導(dao)(dao)軌(gui)的(de)(de)移動(dong)(dong)元(yuan)件和固定(ding)元(yuan)件之(zhi)間不用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)中間介(jie)質，而用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)滾動(dong)(dong)鋼(gang)球。可以理解為是(shi)一種滾動(dong)(dong)導(dao)(dao)引，是(shi)由鋼(gang)珠在(zai)滑(hua)塊(kuai)跟(gen)導(dao)(dao)軌(gui)之(zhi)間無(wu)限滾動(dong)(dong)循環， 從而使負載平臺沿著導(dao)(dao)軌(gui)輕易的(de)(de)高精(jing)(jing)(jing)度線性運(yun)動(dong)(dong)，并將摩擦(ca)系數降至平常(chang)傳(chuan)統滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)導(dao)(dao)引的(de)(de)五(wu)十分之(zhi)一，能輕易地達到(dao)很(hen)高的(de)(de)定(ding)位精(jing)(jing)(jing)度。滑(hua)塊(kuai)跟(gen)導(dao)(dao)軌(gui)間末(mo)制單(dan)元(yuan)設計，使線形導(dao)(dao)軌(gui)同時承(cheng)受上(shang)下(xia)左(zuo)右等各方向的(de)(de)負荷，回流系統及精(jing)(jing)(jing)簡化(hua)的(de)(de)結構設計讓線性導(dao)(dao)軌(gui)有(you)更平順(shun)且低(di)噪音(yin)的(de)(de)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)。

滑塊-使運動(dong)由曲線轉變為(wei)直線。

直線導(dao)軌主要是用(yong)(yong)在(zai)精度要求(qiu)比較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)結構(gou)上(shang),直線導(dao)軌的(de)移(yi)動(dong)元件和固定元件之(zhi)間(jian)不用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)間(jian)介質，而用(yong)(yong)滾(gun)動(dong)鋼球(qiu)。因為(wei)滾(gun)動(dong)鋼球(qiu)適應于(yu)高(gao)速運(yun)動(dong)、摩擦系數小(xiao)、靈(ling)敏度高(gao)，滿足運(yun)動(dong)部件的(de)工作要求(qiu)，被廣泛應用(yong)(yong)在(zai)自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)上(shang)比較(jiao)多(duo),像(xiang)磨床(chuang)、銑床(chuang)、車(che)床(chuang)、檢測儀器設備、木(mu)工機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)、搬運(yun)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)、傳(chuan)送裝置、自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)、半導(dao)體機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)、包(bao)裝機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)、機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)手臂(bei)、自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)、激光行業、汽車(che)制造(zao)、新能源等行業。